Keep your compost pile healthy

CORVALLIS--A healthy compost pile ensures composting success. Sick compost piles are the result of several problems that slow down the decomposition process, said Jan McNeilan, Oregon State University Extension Service consumer horticulture agent.

These problems include not enough mixing and shredding of leaves and other composting materials, and improper covering and ventilation of the pile.

"Rapid decomposition of raw organic materials occurs when you have the right amount of heat, moisture, air and rottable material, along with adequate bacteria and fungi to do the job," said McNeilan.

"When starting your compost pile, remember that it should be easy to turn and stir the contents," she said. "Shred the large leaves and coarse stems so they will readily decompose. A mixture of soft green grass clippings, leaves and pruned twigs gives a balanced diet for the organisms that do the breaking down."

Ventilate sides and tops of the pile to allow air penetration, but not so much that the pile loses heat needed for decomposition.

Build the pile with alternating layers of leaves and clippings, and soil or manure. Turn the pile every week, thoroughly mixing all the ingredients. Water it so the compost is like a damp sponge.

Also, cover the pile. A cover of light-blocking material keeps sunlight from killing bacteria, and in the western Oregon climate, keeps the rain from leaching away valuable mineral nutrients in the compost.

Create a free source of mulching material and fertilizer by composting your leaves, clippings and kitchen vegetable waste, said McNeilan.