Training is a term applied to trees from planting up to 4-5 years of age, and is used to encourage a strong tree structure capable of supporting heavy crops, and withstanding ice and snow loads.
“An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure” (B Franklin, 1706-1790). Pest prevention is a central component of integrated pest management and organic pest management strategies. Crop rotation and crop planning (i.e. ...