A critical but often overlooked step in the development of a comprehensive grazing management plan is a well-defined monitoring program for evaluating progress toward management objectives.
A codling moth goes through several stages in its life cycle. If you're trying to prevent damage to apples and other fruit, it helps to know when adults and larvae are active.
In integrated pest management, biological controls might include predatory or parasitic insects, bacteria or fungi, and biopesticides. More and more biocontrol methods are becoming available to the home gardener.